Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are eruptive solar events. They are often associated with solar flares and filaments. CMEs can cause space weather events such as geomagnetic storms, high energy electron ...

Imagine the explosive disturbance caused by a jet going supersonic. A similar shock wave occurs when subatomic particles known as "solar wind" flow from the sun and strike the Earth's magnetic field.

Cosmonaut Nikolai Chub working on the Russian segment of the International Space Station during an April 2024 spacewalk. Credit: NASA MILAN – Spacewalks, often a highlight of space missions, are ...