Effective learning isn't just about finding the easiest path—it's about the right kind of challenge. Two prominent theories—Desirable Difficulties (DDF) and Cognitive Load Theory (CLT)—offer valuable ...

The remarkable ability of cells in the brain to store and process information has fascinated scientists for centuries. To accomplish this feat, neurons must have mechanisms to generate both transient ...

This is Part 4 of a five-part series. Integrated information theory (IIT) is a theory of consciousness. It was first formulated by the neuroscientist and psychiatrist Giulio Tononi in the early 2000s ...

Sitting on the Marine Atlantic ferry, I’m watching the Newfoundland skyline disappear on the horizon as I type away. I see the rocking of the ocean waves, inhale its salty breeze, feel and hear the ...